Escalating Success

Medellin Escalator by AP Photo/Luis Benavides via Daily Telegraph

When faced with seemingly-intractable problems, city chiefs need to think laterally. The problem presenting itself may not be the one which most needs to be tackled, at least not directly.

Medellín, Columbia, was once known as the murder capital of the world, with gang violence fuelled by drug-trafficking and controlled by a deadly mafia. Crime and social breakdown were the trademarks of the city, and to many the situation must have seemed hopeless. Yet today Medellín is a popular tourist destination, having undergone what has been described as a ‘dramatic transformation’. The key? An improved transport system.
 
This report from the BBC in summer 2010 identifies a vastly-improved metro system and a cable car as central to the regeneration of the city. Both have made it easier for poorer residents to travel into the business centre from their favelas on the hills surrounding the city. “If the view isn’t spectacular enough for you,” comments the reporter, “You can always borrow poetry and literature from one of the Metro’s four libraries.” Tourists now visit the former no-go areas, while residents are able to travel much further afield to find work.

A succession of visionary local leaders set about removing the intimidation and violence that were part and parcel of the drug trade here. Their main aim was to connect the mountainside slums with the rest of the city.

   
After putting the Metro into place, Mayor Sergio Fajardo moved onto phase 2 of his plan: to ensure that the city’s most beautiful buildings were situated in the poorest areas. State of the art schools, parks, museums and libraries bring in the tourists, but also encourage aspiration in the slums’ young people, to such an extent that “Medellín has become an example of how urban transformation based on good architecture can reshape the mentality of its inhabitants.”
 
“From the time I was a child, it was clear to me what aesthetics meant as a tool for social transformation, as a message of inclusion,” Fajardo explained in an interview with architect Giancarlo Mazzanti, “Underneath it all is the most important word in all of those urban interventions in which architecture plays an important role: dignity… The poor are habitually given crumbs, but our proposal was to give them the very best. We had to break away and show another way.”
 
The whole article is well-worth a read, as it gives a fascinating insight into the heart of a man who sought social justice for the poorest of his city, and set processes in motion which are well on the way to achieving that goal.
 
Farjado’s tenure as mayor ended in 2007, but his legacy lives on, and this Christmas the poor of the Comuna 13 district were given a new gift – a series of outdoor escalators scaling the 384m (1,260ft) hillside and saving them a climb equivalent to 28 flights of stairs - daunting enough at the best of times, but soul-destroying to face at the end of a long day’s work.
 
Medellín’s leaders have been tough on crime and on criminals, but they have recognised that reducing crime-rates is about far more than simply fighting crime. It requires taking a good, hard look at the bigger picture and making changes across the board, often to things which seem to have little immediate bearing on the issues in hand.
 
The transformation of a community requires every inhabitant of that community to be treated – and regarded – as a valuable participant in its flourishing. A giant escalator may not be the answer to every city’s problems, but it meets the needs of Comuna 13. What is the big need in your community? What could you do to meet that need, and to restore dignity and hope to those who need it the most?

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